What Are Types of Tungsten Boat?
What Are Types of Tungsten Boat?
CTIA GROUP, leveraging over 30 years of expertise in tungsten boat manufacturing, addresses the distinct structural and performance demands of diverse vacuum coating processes. Based on fabrication methods, structural features, and application scenarios, tungsten boats are categorized into six primary types. Each type benefits from rigorous material control and process optimization to ensure high-temperature stability, thermal field uniformity, and exceptional film purity for advanced PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) thermal evaporation.
Main Types of Tungsten Boat
1. Stamped Tungsten Boat:
Formed from high-purity tungsten sheets using precision molds in a single stamping process, offering excellent integration, dimensional accuracy (tolerance ±0.05–0.1 mm), smooth surfaces, and uniform thermal distribution. Suitable for high-volume standardized production, widely used in LED and solar cell thin-film evaporation.
2. Folded Tungsten Boat:
Produced by multiple precise bends from a single tungsten sheet without welding seams, providing high mechanical strength and thermal deformation resistance (thermal expansion coefficient ~4.5×10⁻⁶/K). Wall thickness typically 0.5–2.0 mm. Ideal for repeated thermal cycles and high-stability vacuum applications.
3. Welded Tungsten Boat:
Manufactured by precisely joining tungsten sheet components using professional tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding or electron beam welding processes. It accommodates complex geometric structures such as multi-cavity, deepened slots, and vapor guide holes. The welding zones undergo high-temperature vacuum annealing to eliminate residual stress, making it ideal for large-scale evaporation sources or long-term high-temperature operations above 1,800°C.
4. Riveted Tungsten Boat:
Assembled through mechanical riveting, it avoids grain growth issues typically caused by the heat-affected zone of welding, thereby offering excellent toughness and serviceability. It is highly suitable for high-precision optical coating and semiconductor processes that demand extremely rigorous microstructure uniformity.
5. Sintered Tungsten Boat:
Formed through the powder metallurgy process by pressing high-purity tungsten powder with a particle size of 1 to 5 μm followed by sintering under a high-temperature hydrogen atmosphere, it achieves a high density of 19.1~19.3 g/cm³ with fine, uniform grains and remains completely free from secondary machining defects. It is exceptionally well-suited for long-term stable operations involving ultra-high temperature or highly corrosive evaporation materials.
6. Customized Tungsten Boat:
Designed on a non-standard basis according to client thermal field simulations of vacuum equipment, saturated vapor pressure characteristics of evaporation materials, and specific PVD process parameters, it can be fabricated into configurations such as multi-slot parallel types, holed array types, trapezoidal bases, arc bases, or lidded structures. Leveraging extensive experience, CTIA GROUP provides a one-stop custom service spanning from structural design to finished product validation.
Main types of CTIA's tungsten boats are detailed in picture below:
CTIA GROUP has over 30 years of experience in tungsten boat manufacturing, strictly controlling the full process from high-purity tungsten powder reduction, sintering, rolling, to precision forming, ensuring every tungsten boat meets the purity, density, and microstructure standards required by advanced vacuum coating processes.
For any inquiry, please contact tungsten boat manufacturer: CTIA GROUP
Email: sales@chinatungsten.com
Tel: 0086 592 5129696 / 0086 592 5129595
Website: www.tungsten.com.cn
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